TASK I. Write the right answer on the following questions.
1. What do we call a stem, which is produced by means of affixation, shortening, conversion, abbreviation, back-formation?
2.   What do we call the smallest indivisible meaningful component of the word?
3.   What do we mean by the realization of concept or emotion by means of definite language system?
4.   What is the branch of linguistics concerned with the meaning of words and word equivalents?
5.   What do we call a positional variant of a morpheme occurring in a specific environment and characterized by complementary distribution?
6.   What is considered to be a basis for creation new words?
7.   Define the type of transference of meaning in the following words: the neck of a bottle, a storm of indignation.
8.   Define the type of transference of meaning in the following words: the hall applauded, the marble spoke.
9.   How do we call words, which originate from the same etymological source, but differ in phonemic shape and in meaning?
10.   What type of borrowings are these words: television, radio, football?
11.   What type of borrowings are these words: wonder child, collective farm?
12.   What do we call a morpheme, which contains the lexical core of a word?
13.   What are affixes which take part in deriving new words?
14.   How do we call a morpheme which may stand alone without changing its meaning?
15.   What do we call affixes, which build different forms of one and the same word, serving to convey grammatical meaning?
16.   What is the most essential means of human communication?
17.   How do we call the relationships, which are based on the interdependence of words within "'the vocabulary?
18.   What approach studies the language at the present stage of its development?
19.   How do we call a word, which has several meanings?
20.   What do we call the system of grammatical forms characteristic of a word?
21.   What form may stand alone without changing its meaning?
22.   What form is always bound to something else and never occur alone
23.   What approach studies different historical changes of the vocabulary system?
24.   What is a general property of matter?
25.   How do we call the highest form of the reflection of the objective reality?
26.   How do we call different combinatorial possibilities of words?
27.   How do we call a type of word-building, in which new words are produced by combining two free sterns?
28.   What kind of criterion seems to be sufficiently convincing in cases of distinguishing between a word and a word-group?
29.   What leading semantic component in the semantic structure of a word expresses the conceptual content of a word?
30.   What semantic component in the semantic structure of a word expresses the emotional content of a word? .
31.   How is traditionally termed the process of development of a new meaning (or a change of meaning)?
32.   How do we call a type of word-building, in which part of the original word or word group is taken away?
33.   How do we call abbreviated words which are read as the ordinary English words and sound like the English words (f.ex.:NATO, NOW)?
34.   How do we call a type of word-building which denotes the derivation of new words by subtracting a real or supposed affix from existing words through misinterpretation of their structure (f.ex.: beggar, butler)?
35.   How do we call words which are identical in sound and spelling, or. at least, in one of these aspects, but different in their meaning?
36.   How do we define words with the same denotative component, but differing in connotative components?
37.   How do we define words in every language, which people avoid because they are considered indecent, indelicate, rude or impolite?
38.   Define the type of word-building: down ladv) - down (adj). must (v) -must (n)?
39.   What approach defines conversion as a formation of a new word by means of changing its paradigm?
40.   What approach defines conversion as a kind of functional change. which implies that one and the same word can belong to several parts simultaneously?
41.   What approach defines conversion as a process of coining a word of one part of speech from the stem or word form of another part of speech by means of changing its paradigm (if any) and environment characteristic of a word of a definite part of speech?;
42.   How do we call pairs of words (e.g. love(n) - love (v), work(n)- work (v)) which appeared as a result of a certain historical process (dropping of endings, simplification of stems) due to which two words of different parts of speech coincided in pronunciation?
43.   How do we call a process of coining a noun from an adjective stem by means of conversion (a poor (adj) - the poor (n))?
44.   Write down the surname of a person who was the first to introduce the term "conversion".
45.   Write down the surname of a person who pointed out the very important characteristic of the word, its indivisibility.